Ear wax, medically known as cerumen, is a natural substance produced by glands in the ear canal. It protects the ear by trapping dust, bacteria, and other particles, keeping the ear clean and preventing infections. While ear wax is beneficial, excessive buildup can cause discomfort or hearing problems.

Common Causes of Ear Wax Buildup

• Overproduction of cerumen by the ear glands

• Narrow or oddly shaped ear canals

• Frequent use of earphones or hearing aids

• Inserting objects like cotton swabs, which can push wax deeper

Signs of Excess Ear Wax

• Feeling of fullness or blockage in the ear

• Mild hearing loss or muffled sound

• Earache or discomfort

• Tinnitus (ringing in the ear)

• Occasional dizziness

Safe Home Care Tips

• Avoid cotton swabs: Pushing objects into the ear canal can worsen the blockage or damage the eardrum.

• Use softening drops: Over-the-counter ear drops with mineral oil, baby oil, glycerin, or hydrogen peroxide can help soften wax.

• Gentle irrigation: Rinsing the ear with a bulb syringe using warm water can help remove softened wax. Do not use high pressure.

When to See a Doctor

Consult an ENT specialist if:

• Ear wax causes persistent hearing loss or pain

• You experience dizziness, discharge, or bleeding

• Home removal methods are ineffective

• You have diabetes, a weakened immune system, or a history of ear surgery

Professional Ear Wax Removal

ENT doctors can safely remove ear wax using:

• Microsuction: A gentle suction technique under direct visualization

• Curettage: Manual removal with specialized instruments

• Irrigation: Controlled flushing by a professional

Regular check-ups and proper care can prevent wax buildup while protecting your ear health. Remember, ear wax is normal and necessary—safe removal is the key to comfort and good hearing.